The General Bureau of Statistics said that in 63 provinces and cities of the country, people in Dong Nai and Ho Chi Minh City have a high average life expectancy in 2016-2020 at 76.5 years.
“In general, the average life expectancy of places has gradually increased over the years. 56 places will have a higher life expectancy from birth in 2020 than in 2016; only 3 places have remained unchanged and 4 places have decreased,” the General Statistical Office said in the report on the Human Development Index, published on March 31.
People in Ho Chi Minh City have the highest health index
Accordingly, the places where the average life expectancy at birth has remained unchanged or decreased, mainly due to wide fluctuations in the population structure in the area, which is evident from the high immigration and emigration rates in 2016-2020.
Notably, most places with higher life expectancy with the highest percentage in recent years are places with low life expectancy, living in mountainous and highland areas.
Due to the increase in life expectancy at birth, the health indices of all places are quite high. In 2020, people in Ho Chi Minh City and Ba Ria – Vung Tau will have the highest health index in the country. While the local population with a low health index is mainly concentrated in the Northern Midlands and Mountains, North Central Coast and Central Coast, Central Highlands.
With regard to the education index, the General Bureau of Statistics points out that it is calculated on the basis of the average number of schooling years and the expected number of schooling years. In general, these two indicators are holding up in most places.
The places with the mean number of years of schooling and the expected number of years of schooling are high, mainly in the Red River Delta and some places in the southeast, north-central and central coast.
Most places in the Central Highlands, Mekong River Delta, Northern Midlands and Mountains have average school years and projected school years, although increasing over the years, but still at a low level.
The places with a low education index are concentrated in mountainous, remote and border regions; reflects inequalities in access to educational services that have not improved. Hanoi’s 2016 education index is 1.79 times higher than Lai Chau and 1.63 times higher than Ha Giang. In 2020, these percentages will still be high, 1.74 times and 1.57 times, respectively.
Solutions needed to improve health and education services
With the report, the Statistical Office also released the income index of places across the country. This index is calculated on the basis of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in USD – PPP. Calculation results show that GDP per capita in 2020 of all places increased compared to 2016.
In particular, the GDP per capita of some places has increased at a rapid pace in 2020, more than 1.5 times higher than in 2016, including Hai Phong, Ninh Thuan, Thanh Hoa, Quang Ninh and Lao Cai.
Meanwhile, the trend of increasing GDP per capita is showing signs of slowing down in some places with an annual increase of no more than 6%, including Ba Ria – Vung Tau, Da Nang, Binh Duong.
The results obtained also show that the gap between places with a high income index and places with a low income index is quite large.
However, the General Statistical Office said that since the GDP conversion per capita of the place is calculated based on the GDP conversion with the same coefficient, the difference in net income of permanent employees and income from outside does not exclude .
Therefore, places with large investments from other places in the country or from abroad often have a higher income index than other places, the comparability between places is limited.
According to the General Bureau of Statistics, Vietnam’s Human Development Index (HDI) has reached only the average level of the region in 2016-2020 and ranks 7th out of 11 Southeast Asian countries.
The HDI report is a general measure that comprehensively assesses the country’s socio-economic development outcomes. Therefore, HDI should be identified as one of the key indicators in the socio-economic development strategies and plans of the whole country and of each place.
At the same time, the indicators show the need for a synchronous solution system and effective implementation; especially solutions to improve health and education services, as these areas are directly related to human development.
In the field of health, it is necessary to focus on improving capacity in preventive medicine, primary health care and family health care. In education, it is necessary to quickly overcome the current situation where the expected number of years of schooling is low and slowly increasing.
While the economic sector is under control, inflation in the Vietnamese economy is still high; there must be a macro solution to stabilize the value of the domestic currency.
@ Sing News
